Labor’s Share of the Money Pie Is Bigger Than
Economists Thought https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-07/labor-s-share-of-the-money-pie-is-bigger-than-economists-thought Human Capitalists by Andrea L. Eisfeldt, Antonio Falato,
and Mindy Z. Xiaolan https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w28815/w28815.pdf ABSTRACT The widespread and growing use of equity-based
compensation has transformed high-skilled labor from a pure labor input to a
class of "human capitalists." We show that high-skilled labor earns
substantial income in the form of equity claims to firms' future dividends and
capital gains. Equity-based compensation has dramatically increased since the
1980s, representing forty percent of total compensation to high-skilled labor
in recent years. Ignoring equity income causes incorrect measurement of the
returns to high-skilled labor, with substantial effects on macroeconomic
trends. In our sample, including equity-based compensation in high-skilled
labor income reduces the total decline in labor's wage-only income share relative
to total value added since the 1980s by over 30%. The inclusion of equity-based
compensation also eliminates the majority of the decline in the high-skilled
labor share. Only by including equity pay does our structural estimation
support complementarity between high-skilled labor and physical capital greater
than that of Cobb and Douglas (1928). We also provide additional regression
evidence of such complementarity.